After an appeals conference, how many days does an audited individual or business have to pay the proposed deficiency or file a petition in US Tax Court?

The correct timeframe for an audited individual or business to pay the proposed tax deficiency or file a petition in U.S. Tax Court is 90 days after the notice of deficiency is sent by the IRS. This means that if a taxpayer is dissatisfied with the IRS's conclusions following an appeals conference, they have 90 days to either pay the amount owed or to challenge the IRS's determination in Tax Court.

The significance of this 90-day period is that it provides taxpayers with a structured timeframe to respond to the IRS's claims, ensuring disputes are resolved efficiently and within a legally recognized framework. Failing to respond within this window could mean that the IRS's position becomes final, limiting the taxpayer's options to seek recourse.

The other timeframes provided, such as 30 days, 60 days, and 12 months, do not accurately reflect the legal requirements set forth by the IRS regarding the appeal process. Understanding this specific timeline is crucial for taxpayers navigating the complexities of tax disputes.